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    High Resolution Crystal Structure of Arthrobacter aurescens Chondroitinase AC Complexed with Chondroitin Sulfate Defines the Catalytic Mechanism

    Author
    Lunin, V.V.; Li, Y.; Linhardt, Robert J.; Miyazono, H.; Kyogashima, M.; Cygler, M.
    ORCID
    https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2219-5833
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    Other Contributors
    Date Issued
    2004
    Subject
    Biology; Chemistry and chemical biology; Chemical and biological engineering; Biomedical engineering
    Degree
    Terms of Use
    In Copyright : this Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/;
    Full Citation
    High Resolution Crystal Structure of Arthrobacter aurescens Chondroitinase AC Complexed with Chondroitin Sulfate Defines the Catalytic Mechanism, V. V. Lunin, Y. Li, R.J. Linhardt, H. Miyazono, M. Kyogashima, M. Cygler, Journal of Molecular Biology, 337, 367-386, 2004.
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    URI
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2003.12.071; https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13015/5793
    Abstract
    Chondroitin lyases (EC 4.2.2.4 and EC 4.2.2.5) are glycosaminoglycan-degrading enzymes that act as eliminases. Chondroitin lyase AC from Arthrobacter aurescens (ArthroAC) is known to act on chondroitin 4-sulfate and chondroitin 6-sulfate but not on dermatan sulfate. Like other chondroitin AC lyases, it is capable of cleaving hyaluronan.We have determined the three-dimensional crystal structure of ArthroAC in its native form as well as in complex with its substrates (chondroitin 4-sulfate tetrasaccharide, CStetra and hyaluronan tetrasaccharide) at resolution varying from 1.25 Å to 1.9 Å. The primary sequence of ArthroAC has not been previously determined but it was possible to determine the amino acid sequence of this enzyme from the high-resolution electron density maps and to confirm it by mass spectrometry. The enzyme–substrate complexes were obtained by soaking the substrate into the crystals for varying lengths of time (30 seconds to ten hours) and flash-cooling the crystals. The electron density map for crystals soaked in the substrate for as short as 30 seconds showed the substrate clearly and indicated that the ring of central glucuronic acid assumes a distorted boat conformation. This structure strongly supports the lytic mechanism where Tyr242 acts as a general base that abstracts the proton from the C5 position of glucuronic acid while Asn183 and His233 neutralize the charge on the glucuronate acidic group. Comparison of this structure with that of chondroitinase AC from Flavobacterium heparinum (FlavoAC) provides an explanation for the exolytic and endolytic mode of action of ArthroAC and FlavoAC, respectively.;
    Description
    Journal of Molecular Biology, 337, 367-386; Note : if this item contains full text it may be a preprint, author manuscript, or a Gold OA copy that permits redistribution with a license such as CC BY. The final version is available through the publisher’s platform.
    Department
    The Linhardt Research Labs.; The Shirley Ann Jackson, Ph.D. Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies (CBIS);
    Relationships
    The Linhardt Research Labs Online Collection; Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY; https://harc.rpi.edu/;
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    https://login.libproxy.rpi.edu/login?url=https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2003.12.071;
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