New Methodologies in Heparin Structure Analysis and the Generation of Low Molecular Weight Heparins

Abstract

This chapter examines the methods used to prepare heparin, low molecular weight (LMW) heparins, and immobilized heparins. These heparins and heparin derivatives arc polydispcrse heterogeneous mixtures that require structural characterization. Analyses rely on integrated enzymatic, chemical, chromatographic, electrophoretic and spectroscopic techniques. Tile goal is to establish the physical-chemical properties of a heparin preparation as well as the exact composition, distribution and sequence of the polysaccharide chains that are present. Ultrasensitive analytical techniques are also described for the analysis of heparin in tissues and biological fluids.