Stem cell-based scaffolds for orthopedic applications
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Authors
Gharat, Tanmay Pradip
Issue Date
2016-08
Type
Electronic thesis
Thesis
Thesis
Language
ENG
Keywords
Chemical engineering
Alternative Title
Abstract
In the proposed work, we fabricated bioactive scaffolds in combination with stem cells and growth factors. Towards this goal, we made use tunable polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA)-based scaffolds. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as well as embryonic stem cells (ESCs) were encapsulated in PEGDA-based scaffolds in separate studies. Initially, bone marrow-derived MSCs were encapsulated in PEGDA-polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) scaffolds along with bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) for specific osteoblastic differentiation. Low dosage levels of BMP-2 appeared to significantly enhance PEG-PDMS osteoinductivity. Subsequently, in the following study, transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1) was incorporated in PEGDA-chondroitin sulfate (CSC) scaffolds for driving chondrocytic differentiation of synovium-derived MSCs (SMSCs). In addition, intermediate levels of TGF-β1, PDMS and BMP-2 appeared to induce mix ‘cartilage/bone’ cell behavior in SMSCs. Overall, SMSCs appeared to be spatially guided for layer-specific differentiation depending on the initial biochemical composition of PEGDA scaffolds. In addition, the second study also established SMSCs as a viable MSC alternative for osteochondral repair.
Description
August 2016
School of Engineering
School of Engineering
Full Citation
Publisher
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY